Plaster-board.



K. FRIEDMAN, J. B. BLUMENFELD & L. STRIMBAN.

PLASTER BOARD.

APPLICATION FILED FBB.28,1908.

Patented Feb. 16, 1909.

Inventors UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

KANE FRIEDMAN AND JULIUS B. BLUMENFELD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND LOUIS STRIMBAN, OI STEPN EY, (FONNIX 'PHIUI.

PLASTE R-B OARD.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 16, 1909.

Application filed February 28, 1908. Serial No. 418,171.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, KANE FRIEDMAN and J nuns B. BLUMENFFLD, sub'ccts of the Czar of Russia, residing at the orough of Brooklyn, in the city of New York, county of Kings, and State of New York, and LOUIS STRIMBAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Stepney, in the county of Fairlield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plaster-Boards, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

Our invention relates to lathing and more particularly to that class thereof commonly "nown as plaster-boards.

'Plaster boards, as now commonl used, comprise a plurality of superimpose layers of paper and a plaster, or lime, cement between same, the paper being relied upon to give the required toughness to permit nails to be driven therethrough and the plaster being relied upon to give ermanency and rigidity to the board. rdinaril these boards will be made up of from eig t to ten layers and willrun from 3/16 to 5/16 of an inch in thickness, and are applied inparallcl, flat surfaces by being nailed to the oists or beams. In practice, however, it has been found to be impossible to shape these boards to irregular surfaces, owing to the tendency of the plastic cement to break and crumble whenbcnt, thus causing the disintegration of the entire composition entering into the board at the bend and adjacent thereto. A further difficulty in this type of board is that a large surface and a correspondingly large body is required to insure the required rigidity, it being im ossible to separate a board into strips an use such strips as an ordinary lath, when such ma be desired for purposes of economy in bui ding construction, or to secure a good holding surface for the laster wall, or finishing coating.

T e main object of our invention is to provide a plaster board which will possess the toughness and rigidity of those of the ordinary type above referred to, and will, in addition thereto, be so reinforced b a flexible metallic member as to be rea il bent to fit any irre ular location and stil have the entire board remain intact.

. A further object is to rovide a board "which will be possessed of t e desired toughness while being made up of a small number of layers of paper, the metallic reinforcement, above referred to, permitting theuse of a thick layer of plaster, or laster composition, without sacrificing t 0 quality of toughness.

A still further ob'ect is to provide a reinforced plaster boar wherein the reinforcing material will be arranged in parallel lines on substantially the same plane, and spaced apart so as to permit the separation of a board into narrow len ths, if desired.

A still further ob ect is to provide a plaster board wherein the outer facing-sheet will be of fireproof material, so as to increase the refractory character of the board.

A still further ob ect is to provide a board of this character wherein opposite parallel edges are undercut, oroverhung, so as to interlock with similar edges upon adjoining boards in a manner to insure a perfect fitting of the boards and, at the same time, ermit adjoining boards to be secured in place y the same node, thus insuring economy in appl ing the boards to the building. And a still further object is to provide a plaster board which may be economically produced, readily handled in ap lying to a building and have as little perishable matter in its composition as possible.

The invention consists in the novel fea-- tures of construction and manner ofassociating the various elements enterin into the plaster board, hereinafter set forth and described and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto a pended.

Referring to the d i'aWings:-Figure I is a view in elevation of a section of a wall showing the plaster boards secured thereto; Fig. 2 is a view of a single plaster board showing the wire reinforcing strips in dotted lines, said board being broken away to disclose .the said wire reinforcin strips and illustrate that construction which permits the separation of the board into narrow widths; Fig. 3 is a view of a part of a board, broken away upon a plura ty of different planes to illustrate the nature of the various .strata entering into the com position of the board; and Fig. 4 is a crosssection of a part of a board.

Like letters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

In the embodiment of our invention shown in the drawings, a indicates the lplaster floor-beams, and b one of the joists of a building. Nailed to these parts of the buildings, as a substitute for the ordinary lath, are a plurality of plaster boards 0, which ordinarily are ap )roximately thirty inches square. Each sai board is made up of a plurality of alternating sheets of flexible fibrous, or woven material, and a plastic cement, the said fibrous or woven material referably consisting of a backing d of liuilders lining paper, which has a rough texture or finish, an intermediate sheet e of the same material and an outersheet, or

facin f composed of asbestos paper for the ouble purpose of, giving a superior finish to the outside of the board, and one which will resist the action of heat thereon to an extent to protect the board from all but excessive heats. These layers, or sheets, d, e, are relied upon to impart toughness to t e entire board and to. prevent the formation of holes therein by reason of the crumbling of the laster or cement used as a bond between t em, and constituting the main body of the board. Placed between the sheets (1, e, is a layer 9, of a plaster composition composed of ypsum or plaster of paris with a suitable fil er and an ingredient to cause the same to adhere to the aper, which layer is of substantially ha the thickness of the entire board and takes the place of several superimposed layers of plaster and paper now commonly used in plaster boards. Ordinarily, the use of laster of this thickness would result in a oard not having the required toughness, the breaking of a body. of plaster of this thickness tending to cause a local disintegration which would rendenthe use of the board undesirable. To obviate this difiiculty, and at the same time, impart flexibility to the entire board, we embed in this layer of plaster a wire mesh h which serves to prevent the breaking of the board at anypomt, to an extent to cause a separation of one part thereof from another.

To permit the separation of a board into narrow widths, if it be desired to use same as the ordinary lath, we make the meshentering into the composition of each board, of a plurality of arallel, independent strands spaced apart su icientl to permit the board adjacent to each sai strand to be cut through, while, at the same time, bringing the strands sufficiently close together to avoid the presence of any material areas, which will not be reinforced. To indicate the points at which the boards may be out, we score the sheet (1 along the line between adjacent strands of reinforcing wires h. Between the sheets e, f is a thin layer i of the same plastic composition as enters into the layer Two of the op osite parallel edges of eac board a are un ercut, or overhung, asat' j, is, so as to permit the lapping of the edges of adjoining boards in a manner to permit a sin le line of nails to secure both adjoining e ges to place. We form. the laps j, k, on two ed es only, because of the mechanical diilicultles attendant upon the board.

In use, the boards heretofore described are applied in the ordinary and well-known manner, the lap k of one board passing under the la 7' of the adjoining boardan the nails eing driven simultaneously through both boards. in a plying the boards to an-anglein the wa or at the ceiling angle, instead of cutting and fitting sary to force the boards to place, t e reinforcing mesh of wire 7 holding the board together, even though the laster and a er entering thereinto shou d break. While this bending of the board would have a tendency to crumble the plastic composition, articularly in the layer 9, we have found, 1n practice, that the wire mesh (1g parts of the board together an prevents the formation of holes or voids. The facing f being of asbestos, while not making the board absolutely fireproof, resents a re- ,fractory surface, which wo d protect the wall from ordinary temperatures, in case of fire. It would not be sufficient, however, to resist extremely-high tem eratures.

Boards-of this character s ould not be used to make a finished wall, a dressin or surface of ordinalg plaster bei relie upon for the finishe surface. W 'le the use of large sheets of the, plaster board is more economical to apply, re%uiring no skilled labor, if desired,-a arge oard ma be divided into a lurality-of smaller boar s of substantiall t e dimensions of the ordinary wood lat each of which will be held together by the wire mesh k therein. When so used the thickness of the layer 9 of plaster will afford lar e surface area between the laths, to whic readily adhere.

In forming the lathe or boards to irregular places, care should be taken to bend them across the strands of reinforcing wire mesh h and notlongitudinall thereof when the breaking strains coul occur between the reinforced points. a 1

It is not our intention to limit ourselves to the composition of the plaster formin the body of the board, as suc may be varie without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Nor is it our intention to limit ourselves to the specific details shown in the drawings. Having described the invention, what we claim as new and desire to have protected by Letters Patent, is:

1. As a new article of manufacture, a

formation of such laps upon all edges of the the plaster surfacing will i the boards at this point, it is merel necesholds all plaster boardcomprising a plurality of alter- 3 hated layers of plaster cement, and fibrous o-jslieets, and a plurality of'parallel, inde end-'- ent- 'strands of flexible, -metallic .rein orcesheets, anda plurality of parallel, independ entstrips of a flexible, 1 metallic mesh em bedded in 'Said plaster cement, and s aced apart from each other, whereby said oard 'may be cut into strips each having a reinfor-cement therein.

3. .As a new -article of manufacture, a

plasterboard com rising 'a plurality of alternated layers of p aster cement, and fibrous sheets, and a pluralit of parallel, independent strips of a flexi le metallic mesh-embedded 1n said plaster cement, and s aced apart from each other, whereby said oard,

may be cut intostrips, each having a reinforcement therein, the outer layer of fibrous 1 or woven material being scored to indicate the parts of-the board which are notreinforced. 1

4. As a new article of manufacture, a laster board comprising a base sheet of brous material, a relatively thick layer of plaster cement .thereon having a flexible metallic reinforcement embedded therein, a second sheet "of fibrous material, a thin layer of plaster cement and a facing sheet of asbestos paper, whereby a refractory surface is presented outward y.

5. As a'new article of manufacture, a plaster board comprising a plurality of alternated layers of plaster cement, and 'fibrous sheets, and a plurality of parallel, independent strips of a flexible metallic mesh embedded in said plaster cement, and spaced apart from each other, whereby said board may be cut into stri s each having a reinforcement therein, and a facing sheet of asbestos paper.

In witness whereof, we have hereunto affixed our signatures this 27th day of February, 1908 in the presence of two witnesses.

KANE FRIEDMAN. JULIUS B. BLUMENFELD. LOUIS STRIMBAN.

Witnesses:

F. T. WENTWORTH, E. A. ALLE1-;. 

